Iron bioavailability from bouillon fortified with a novel ferric phytate compound: a stable iron isotope study in healthy women (part II).
Dold S., Zimmermann MB., Jeroense F., Zeder C., Habeych E., Galaffu N., Grathwohl D., Tajeri Foman J., Merinat S., Rey B., Sabatier M., Moretti D.
Bouillon cubes are widely consumed and when fortified with iron could contribute in preventing iron deficiency. We report the development (part I) and evaluation (current part II) of a novel ferric phytate compound to be used as iron fortificant in condiments such as bouillon. Ferric pyrophosphate (FePP), is the compound of choice due to its high stability in foods, but has a modest absorption in humans. Our objective was to assess iron bioavailability from a novel iron fortificant consisting of ferric iron complexed with phytic acid and hydrolyzed corn protein (Fe-PA-HCP), used in bouillon with and without an inhibitory food matrix. In a randomised single blind, cross-over study, we measured iron absorption in healthy adult women (n = 22). In vitro iron bioaccessibility was assessed using a Caco-2 cell model. Iron absorption from Fe-PA-HCP was 1.5% and 4.1% in bouillon with and without inhibitory matrix, respectively. Relative iron bioavailability to FeSO4 was 2.4 times higher than from FePP in bouillon (17% vs 7%) and 5.2 times higher when consumed with the inhibitory meal (41% vs 8%). Similar results were found in vitro. Fe-PA-HCP has a higher relative bioavailability versus FePP, especially when bouillon is served with an inhibitory food matrix.